Composite metal bar



(No Model.)

1]. S. BRAINARD.

COMPOSITE METAL BAR.

Patented Aug. 18, 1885.

UNITED STATES PATENT OErrcE.

EDT/VIN S. BRAINARD, OF MANCHESTER, CONNECTICUT.

COMPOSITE METAL BAR.

SPECIFICATION forming partof Letters Patent No. 324,527, dated August18, 1885.

Application filed January 12, 1885. (No model.)

To (ZZZ whom, it; may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN S. BRAINARD, of Manchester, in the county ofHartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Composite Metal Bars, of which the following is adescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, where-Figure l is a diagram View illustrating the method of forming a seriesof coveringsect-ions. Fig. 2 is a top view of such a series. Fig. 3 is aview in central longitudinal section through a box formed by placing twoof the blanks face to face and inclosing a bar of harder material. Fig.4 is a detail view in cross-section of such a bar on plane denoted byline as w of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail view in cross section of afinished bar composed of two different metals, the central onecompletely inclosed in the outer. Fig. 6is a view in longitudinalsection of a bar made by the old method and illustrating several of thedefects of the old method. Fig. 7 is an end view of the same bar.

My invention relates, particularly, to bars of metal which are made upof a central core and a wrapping layer or layers, the process of makingwhich is to form a pile of several different kinds of metal in bars,then heating this pile, then rolling it to the desired form, and thisprocess is particularly adapted to the making of abar of iron with asteel central portion within the bar.

My invention consists in the improved pile formed by inclosing thecentral core with wrapping pieces having sockets, the wrapping'piecescompletely inclosing the core on the ends as well as sides, as moreparticularly hereinafter described.

My invention is herein described and illustrated with reference to itsapplication to the making of steel-centered bars with softer metal as acovering, which bars are intended to be used in making a peculiarsteel-centered calk for horseshoes, which calk, owing to its peculiarconstruction,sharpens by wear.

In order to producea horseshoe-call; of this kind that shall be bestfitted for such a use, it is necessary that the inclosed bar of theharder metal shall be exactly central longitudinally of the bar, andshall be of substantially uniform cross-section throughout its length,and such a result it is impossible to produce by any of the priormethods of forming apile for rolling into a bar.

One method of making my improved pile is herein described, and by theuse of such pile'a bar is produced with the inner portion, in exactlythe predetermined position, with the core continuous and the whole of auniform cross-section.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter (1 denotes a pair of rollsappurtenant to the common form of iron-rolling mill, one roller,however, bearing one or more projecting dies, 1). By means of theserollers and dies a bar of metal, 0, may be indented along one side witha series of sockets, c, that for the special pur' pose in hand arepreferably semi-cylindrical in cross-section, so that when such a seriesof blanks is divided, as at lines y y of Fig. 2, by putting any two ofthe sections a face to face a box is formed that will closely inclose acylindrical core, d, of harder metal than the outside covering. The pilethus formed is preferabl y made up with a hardsteel core, and the outerportion of the pile must cover the core on the ends as well as 011 thesides, for when the ends are exposed the carbon of the steel for aconsiderable distance from each end of the pile is consumed, and just somuch is wasted for the purpose in hand. After being made up into lengthsof about two feet and the parts bound together in the usual manner thepile is heated, and then rolled and reduced to the desired size of barat asingle heat, the different component parts being welded together inthe operation.

The shape of the core as to cross-section need not be cylindrical, as acore of any other shape may be used equally well, with the certaintythat the shape will be substantially preserved in' the finished bar.

In Figs. 6 and 7 the faults in shape and location of a bar rolled from apile made up in the old way are illustrated, the nonccntral position ofthe core and its flattened form of cross section causing great wastewhen the bar is cut into the length of about one inch to form blanks formaking into calks. These calks are bluntly pointed in a lathe, and theother end is threaded to form a stem for screwing into the threadedsocket in a horseshoe. If the cutting of the thread on the stem exposesthe 5 steel center, as is likely mice the case when the faulty bars areused,the calk breaks very easily in the shoe, and when the cutterencounters the steel center in turning the conical point of the calk itstrips the thread and 1o spoils the calk.

Blanks out from a bar made from my improved pile are free from all suchloss and 0bject-ions.

I claim as my invention- A pile or fagot formed of two or more wrap- 15ping-pieces of metal that have socketed faces, and that completelyinclose on the ends, as well as sides, a core of harder metal, as steel,all substantially as described.

EDWIN s. BRATNARD.

Witnesses:

CHAS. L. BURDETT, H. R. WILLIAMS.

